Diseño e implementación de un controlador para un inversor de potencia monofásico aplicado a un generador fotovoltaico

Abstract

Currently, distributed generation (DG) systems are more common as the need for electrical energy increases, since they take advantage of different energy sources such as wind and solar. In these systems, energy is distributed from the source to the load through electronic energy converters in the system. In low and medium power applications, this task falls on the single phase inverters, where they are the only interface between sources connected to DC buses and loads connected to AC buses. This thesis proposes the sizing of a single-phase inverter to supply a demand of 2 kW at 120VAC/60 Hz and the design of the respective voltage control based on the sliding mode control (SMC) strategy, due to the dynamic behavior at the load and the inherent nature of the switching. However, it presents problems of çhattering"so the design of a smoothed sliding surface was chosen. Subsequently, system performance tests have been carried out under different operating conditions (availability and type of resource, load variation) using the partial hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) prototyping strategy, using physical and virtual components for greater accuracy in systems with high variability. In the tests carried out, the temporal response of the reference signal and the one captured in the load were contrasted through the total harmonic distortion index (THD), whose results are within the limits determined by the standards of power systems (less than 5 %). Finally, the necessary sensing elements and their interaction with an Arduino type microcontroller have been recommended for the complete implementation of this system, where some complementary arrangements for a better performance are described