Propuesta de mejoramiento de las actividades de seguimiento y control para los vertimientos de agua residual en el tramo del río Quilichao dentro de la jurisdicción de la territorial norte de la Corporación Autónoma Regional del Cauca – CRC

Abstract

The Quilichao River, located in the municipality of Santander de Quilichao, north of the department of Cauca, Colombia, is one of the main tributaries of the municipality; the Quilichao River is being contaminated with liquid discharges that go directly to generate physical changes, on the body of water and which are generated by human settlements and agro-industrial production activities; in view of this there is a need to formulate an action plan for the Quilichao River in the stretch from birth (Cerro Munchique - Los Tigres at 2,500 m.a.s.l.m) to the entrance of the municipality, which contributes to the improvement of water quality and ecosystem services provided by this tributary, checks are carried out on the slopes and compliance is achieved, to contribute to the improvement of the quality of water and the ecosystem services provided by this tributary, to carry out spill controls and to comply with the legal regulations in force in Colombia. Methodologically, the problem was addressed in three stages, the first consisted of the bibliographic review of secondary information existing in the archives of the competent environmental authority, the Corporación Autónoma Regional del Cauca Dirección Territorial Norte - CRC DTN, which served as the basis for the preliminary diagnosis. In addition, field trips were conducted to obtain primary information on the location of the wastewater discharges present in the selected section of the Quilichao River, and in the second stage the current situation of the liquid discharges was verified, information that was compared with existing and issued dumping permits by the CRC DTN, classifying users by economic activity carried out. In a third stage, strategies for monitoring and controlling dumping were formulated, including environmental practices and the action plan, all based on the Colombian legal system. In the routes made on the upper, middle and middle part of the section under study was found, that there are liquid discharges that affect the tributary, this is due, to the discharge of wastewater from the premises where domestic activities are carried out, pig breeding systems, agriculture and poultry, among others; the upper middle sector being the most affected by the discharge of waste water with organic matter content derived from the washing of porcycola production pens through a pipe that discharges over the Quilichao River and the middle sector is being impacted by the discharge of boiled and grey water from two dwellings, both discharged into the river. The quality of the upper part is also altered, with less incidence because there are only discharges of domestic waste water and some small-scale agricultural processes on some streams that provide flow to the river, evidence of non-compliance legal requirements in force in Colombia. This document identified the effects on the section under study of the Quilichao River microbasin, situations that facilitate the approach to environmental practices, proposals for sustainable production and consumption, efficient use programs and water saving, green economy. With the results obtained, suggestions and recommendations raised, an action plan is proposed that allows the management of the greenings in the Quilichao river micro-basin, through activities that could be managed by the CRC DTN and are executed with the accompaniment of the community and other local environmental authorities